Ukrainian Black Sea Region Agrarian Science

Abstract

The process of improving farming systems reflects the main periods of development of the agricultural sphere as a whole. The development of farming systems is an integral part of industrial production, as well as scientific and technological progress. It is important to spread and implement so-called alternative farming systems that eliminate or minimize the use of agrochemicals. Crop residues are an important source of arable soil fertility reproduction, while the microbial transformation of fresh organic matter in arable soils informs processes such as food production, the greenhouse effect, and the global carbon cycle. In turn, the integral indicator that most clearly and fully reflects the nature of the intensity of mineralization of organic matter in the soil is the emission of carbon dioxide. Thus, the purpose of the article is to conduct research during the growing season on the processes of “soil respiration” and the amount of microflora in the soil of the basal zone of plants, which will make it possible to reveal the influence of the elements of biologization of agriculture on the indicators of the biological activity of podzolized chernozem. CO₂ emission processes and the abundance of the main groups of microflora were monitored during the 2020 growing season in the stationary field experiment “Influence of different levels of biologization of agriculture on soil fertility”. The article presents the results of observations of carbon dioxide emissions and other indicators of biological activity of the soil in order to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of elements of biologization of agriculture. It was established that the application of a complex of agricultural measures (soil treatment with a stubble destructor, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a biopreparation and two-time foliar treatment with a humic preparation) increased CO₂ emissions and increased the number of microflora in the root zone of corn compared to the control. A significant increase in the yield of corn grain from the use of a complex of biological preparations was noted (up to 16% depending on the variant)

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