Ukrainian Black Sea Region Agrarian Science

Abstract

The direction of organic farming is one of the most promising and relevant in the field of agriculture. Organic agriculture assumes the priority role of grain production, for which a significant share of organic land is allocated from the total area, but compared to other European countries, it is a much smaller indicator. One of the reasons for this is the low yield of crops, which is due to the cessation of the use of chemical plant protection agents and mineral fertilizers. The phenomenon of allelopathy is taken into account when developing the structure of crop rotation and mixed crops in order to avoid soil fatigue in monocultures and weed control. Accordingly, it is appropriate to research and study the allelopathic properties of new varieties of winter wheat from different breeding centers of Ukraine. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to establish the allelopathic activity of various types of winter wheat, which will make it possible to identify varieties relevant for organic farming. To confirm the allelopathic activity of various types of winter wheat in 2019-2020, field research was carried out in the field of the Educational-Scientific-Practical Center of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. The article presents the results of research into the allelopathic activity of water-soluble secretions from the soil rhizosphere and vegetative organs of winter wheat plants of new varieties of domestic breeding. It was established that water extracts from the organs of winter wheat plants of Koshova and Garantiya Odeska varieties inhibited the germination of watercress seeds more than other studied varieties. The variety Shchedrivka Kyivska has high allelopathic activity, and the varieties Vidrada and MIP Assol are neutral to the germination of watercress seeds

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