Ukrainian Black Sea Region Agrarian Science

Abstract

On the international and domestic markets of agricultural products, there is an increase in demand for oilseed crops, in particular annual sunflower and its processing products. Sunflower seeds are in permanent demand, which proves their high relevance. Cultivation of this crop is quite profitable for agricultural producers and does not require significant additional costs. That is why the scientifically based observance of crop rotation in the process of growing sunflowers is gaining more and more importance. Soil pollution affects the productivity of cultivated crops. The order of fertilization and cultivation of the sown area is important in improving its microbiological condition. The search for a method of rational and effective application of fertilizers is an urgent task for workers in the agricultural sector. The purpose of the work was to determine the number of weeds and weeds in a field of stationary grain-row crop rotation, to compare the type of weediness between the unfertilized and control variant of the soil, and to choose a more effective method of soil cultivation. In the course of the work, the laboratory method, as well as methods of observation and generalization, were applied. The article examines the influence of the main tillage and fertilization system on the weediness of sunflower crops in a stationary crop rotation during 2016-2018 in the conditions of the eastern part of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The largest number of types of weeds and weeds in crops was found on the background without fertilizers (plowing) and on the organic-mineral intensive background (manure residue, 30 t/ha + N₃₀P₃₀K₃₀, chiseling). The type and level of weediness of sunflower crops depends significantly on the studied factors. The scientific novelty consists in establishing a method of soil fertilization that ensures maximum crop productivity

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